This week, answers to readers' questions about handling accidental destruction of neighbors' property, men who blow their noses in old-style cloth handkerchiefs, and other issues.
In this series, "Letters from the Fab Academy," Shawn Wallace, member of AS220, the Providence, RI community arts space, shares his experiences with the Fab Academy, a distributed learning collaborative, built on the infrastructure of the Fab Lab network. -- Gareth
3D Scanning By Shawn Wallace
Victor Freundt prints a project using the ZCorp printer at the Barcelona Fab Lab.
When working with 3D scanning and printing equipment, it quickly becomes apparent that objects are nowhere near as fungible as MP3s. We'll have to wait a while for the day when every teenager is capable of casually copying real-world objects. However, it is surprisingly easy to hack together a crude 3D scanner from commodity cameras, projectors, and hardware you probably have in a couple of junk drawers in your shop.
A good place to start is with the Modela mini mill, which has a piezo-based needle sensor attachment that can be used for scanning small objects. The machine records the plunge depth at the point it contacts the object and the software that comes with the Modela (Dr. Picza) converts these points into a 3D mesh. Here's an example of using Dr. Picza to scan a small shell from Benito Juarez from the Barcelona Fab Academy site:
The Emmys may not be as big as the Oscars, but there is still plenty of glam Emmy fashion on the red carpet See some of the most memorable Emmy fashions of all times.
When Cédric Charlier became the new designer at Cacharel last year, the fashion world once again took notice of a label that had been by and large overlooked over the last decade.
The Seaside Heights house used in the first season of “Jersey Shore” is for rent — for $2500 a night.
Last updated : Fri March 12, 10 - 11:21:50
Aba
A
Loose Cloak, Possibly Of Arabian Origin. Related To The Jama In
Men's Wear, And To The Abbo (q.v.) in Women's.
Abaca
Fibre
Obtained From The Plant Musa Textiles, Commonly Known As Manila
Abho
A
Loose Shirt-like Garment, Worn By Women Mostly In Gujarat And
Rajasthan. The Garment Was Generally Worn With Short, Wide
Sleeves, Open At The Neck, Loose-fitting On The Upper Part And
Really Flared In Its Skirt. Often Decorated With Embroidery And
Mirror-glass Work.
Abstract
Refers
To A Design In The Abstract Style, I.e. One That Represents A
General Form And Not An Accurate Representation Of A Subject.
Accessories
Additional
Ornamentation To Accompany The Garment In Order To Create A
Certain Look/image. (shoes, Jewelries Etc.)
Accordion
1x1
Rib Knit Alternating With A 2x2 Rib.
Acetate
(fibre) (generic Name)
The
Term Used To Describe Fibres Of Cellulose Ethanoate (acetate)
Wherein Between 74% And 92% Of The Hydroxyl Groups Of The
Original Cellulose Are Ethanoylated (acetylated). Purified
Cellulose Is Ethanoylated (acetylated) By Ethanoic Anhydride
(acetic Anhydride) In The Presence Of A Catalyst (such As
Sulphuric Acid Or Perchloric Acid) In A Solvent Such As
Dichloromethane (methylene Chloride) Or Ethanoic (acetic) Acid.
The Reaction Proceeds Until Primary Cellulose Acetate Containing
60% Of Combined Ethanoic Acid Is Formed. Secondary Cellulose
Acetate Is Formed From The Primary Acetate By Partial
Hydrolysis. It Is Obtained By Adding Water In Excess Of That
Required To React With The Residual Ethanoic Anhydride, Which
Thus Allows The Hydrolysis To Take Place.
Acetone-soluble
Cellulose Ethanoate (acetate)
When
The Hydrolysis Of Primary Cellulose Ethanoate (acetate) Is
Allowed To Proceed Until Approximately 54% Of Combined Ethanoic
(acetic) Acid Remains In The Product, The Cellulose Acetate Is
Soluble In Propanone (acetone) And Is Sometimes Known As
Acetone-soluble Cellulose Acetate.
Acetylation
The
Process Of Introducing An Ethanoyl (acetyl) Radical Into An
Organic Molecule.
Achkan
A
Men's Long-sleeved Coat-like Garment, Worn Close To The Body,
Reaching Down To The Knees Or Even Lower, And Buttoned In
Front-middle.
Acid
Dye
An
Anionic Dye Characterized By Substantiality For Protein And
Polyamide Fibres And Usually Applied From An Acidic Or Neutral
Dye bath.
Acrylic
(fibre) (generic Name)
A
Term Used To Describe Fibres Composed Of Synthetic Linear
Macromolecules Having In The Chain At Least 85% (by Mass) Of
Recurring Cyanoethene (acrylonitrile) Groups.
Acrylic
Coated
A
Fabric Which Has Been Coated, Generally On The Back, With
Acrylic Resin To Make It Waterproof Or Dawnproof.
Addition
Polymerization
See
Polymerization, Addition
Affinity
The
Quantitative Expression Of Substantiality. It Is The Difference
Between The Chemical Potential Of The Dye In Its Standard State
In The Fibre And The Corresponding Chemical Potential In The Dye
bath.
Aguillettes
Metal-tagged
Laces That Replaced The Sewn Ones, To Attach The Breeches To The
Doublet.
Air
Laying
A
Method Of Forming A Web (or Batt) Of Staple Fibres In Which The
Fibres Are Dispersed Into An Air Stream And Condensed From The
Air Stream On To A Permeable Cage Or Conveyor.
Albatross
A
Lightweight, Plain Weave Fabric Traditionally Of Wool Or Wool
Blends With A Napped, Fleecy Surface . So Named Because The
Texture Resembles The Breast Of An Albatross. Usually Light In
Color- Used In Infant's Wear , Sleep Wear.
Alencon
Lace
A
Needlepoint Lace On A Fine Net Ground Characterized By A Heavy
Thread (cordonnet) Outlining The Design. Usually Machine Made
But Sometimes The Cordonnet Is Inserted By Hand.
Alginate
(fibre) (generic Name)
A
Term Used To Describe Fibres Composed Of Metallic Salts Of
Alginic Acid.
Alkali-cellulose
The
Product Of The Interaction Of Strong Sodium Hydroxide With
Purified Cellulose.note: In The Manufacture Of Viscose Fibres,
The Cellulose May Be Cotton Linters Or Wood-pulp. After
Pressing, Alkali-cellulose Usually Contains Approximately 30% Of
Cellulose And 15% Of Sodium Hydroxide, The Remainder Being
Water. During The Steeping Of The Cellulose In Sodium Hydroxide
(18-20% W/w) To Form The Alkali-cellulose, Soluble Impurities,
Including Soluble Cellulose Are Removed.
Alligator
Skin
A
Design, Printed Or Embossed, That Suggests The Characteristic
Texture Of An Alligator.
Allonge-perruqe
French
Term For Periwig, Also Called State-wig. Worn By Fashionable Men
In The Late 17th, Early 18th Century, Introduced Probably By
Louis Xiv And Usually In Black Or Dark Brown Shades. The Periwig
Had Very High "horns" On Top Of The Forehead And Was
Extremely Long, Curled And Flowing Down The Back And Over The
Shoulders.
Allover
Lace
General
Term For A Wide Lace In Which The Pattern Covers The Full Width
Of The Fabric . It Is Generally Sold And Cut In The Same Way As
Non Lace Fabrics.
Alpaca
Fibre (hair)
Fibre
From The Fleece Of The Alpaca (lama Pacos) Which Inhabits The
High Mountain Region Of South America.
Alter
To
Change The Pattern So That It Corresponds To Body Measurements.
Amadis
Sleeve
Tight-fitting
Sleeve Continuing On The Back Of The Hand, Invented In 1684 By
Mlle Le Rochois, An Actress At The Opera, Who Had Unsightly
Arms.
Anaphe
A
Wild Silk From The Larvae Of The Anaphe Moth.
Angarakfia
A
Long, Full-sleeved Outerwear For Men; Literally 'that Which
Protects Or Covers The Limbs'. Closely Related To The Jama
(q.v.), But Possibly Of Native, Indian Origin. Generally Open At
The Chest And Tied In Front, With An Inner Flap Or Parda
Covering The Chest. Full-skirted And Of Varying Lengths.
Angiaiangika
Short,
Tight-fitting Bodice Worn By Women In India From Very Early
Times. Literally, 'covering For The Body'.
Angora
The
Hair Of The Angora Rabbit. The Origin Of The Angora Breed Ins
Unclear. It Is Believed To Come From France, Developed From A
Mutation In A Wild Rabbit, In The 18th Century. Note: The Hair
Of The Angora Goat Is Referred To As Mohair.
Anidex
(fibre)
A
Term Used To Describe Fibres Made From A Synthetic Linear
Polymer That Consists Of At Least 50% By Mass Of One Or More
Esters Of A Monohydric Alcohol And Propenoic Acid (acrylic
Acid).
Animal
Skin
Refers
To A Design Which Suggests The Skin Of An Animal . Leopard,
Tiger, Zebra And Giraffe Are Popular Motifs.
Anionic
Dye
A
Dye That Dissociates In Aqueous Solution To Give A Negatively
Charged Ion.
Antheraea
Spp.
See
Tussah Silk. See Also Fibre Types
Anti
Bacterial
Finish
That Makes A Fabric Resistant To The Growth Of Bacteria.
Anti
Pill
A
Finish Applied To Fleece Which Involves Shearing The Surface So
That The Fabric Is Less Likely To Pill
Antique
Satin
A
Reversible Fabric - One Side Looks Like Satin And The Other Side
Like Shantung. It Often Has A Dark Warp Which Enhances The
Texture. Often Used For Draperies.
Antique
Taffeta
A
Stiff Plain Weave Fabric , Often Iridescent, With A Slubbed
Weft. May Be Of Silk Or Synthetics.
Antron
Brand
Of Nylon Fiber Trademarked By The Du Pont Co.
Apparent
Wall Thickness
The
Apparent Width Of A Fibre Wall As Seen Under The Microscope. In
The Maturity Test For Cotton, The Apparent Wall Thickness Is
Assessed Visually At The Widest Part Of The Fibres As A Fraction
Of The Maximum Ribbon Width.
Aramid
(fibre) (generic Name)
A
Term Used To Describe Fibres Composed Of Synthetic Linear
Macromolecules Having In The Chain Recurring Amide Groups, At
Least 85% Of Which Are Joined Directly By Two Aromatic Rings And
In Which Amide Groups May Be Substituted For Up To 50% Of The
Amide Groups.
Argentan
Lace
A
Needlepoint Lace On A Net Ground Similar To Alencon Lace But On
A Larger Net And Without The Cordonnet Outline Thread Of Alencon.
Argyle
A
Design Of Various Colored Diamond Shaped Blocks On A Single
Colored Ground, Usually Crossed By Lines In A Diamond Shape.
Popular In Sweaters And Hosiery.
Art/embroidery
Linen
A
Balanced Plain Weave Fabric Usually Of Linen Or Linen/cotton .
It Is Made From Smooth Round Yarns (not Flattened By Calendering)
. Used As A Base For Embroidered Table Linen, Pillowcases, Also
In Drapes, Slipcovers And Some Apparel. Also Called Embroidery
Crash.
Asbestos
A
Generic Name Used To Describe A Family Of Naturally Occurring
Fibrous Hydrated Silicates Divided On The Basis Of Mineralogical
Features Into Serpentines And Amphiboles. Six Varieties Were Of
Commercial Importance : Serpentine: Chrysotile Mg3 (si2o5)
(oh)4, Amphiboles: Actinolite Ca2 (mgfe)5 (si6o22) (oh)2,
Asbestos Grunerite ( Amosite) (femg)7 (si6o22) (oh)2,
Anthhophyllite (mgfe)7 (si6o22)(oh)2, Crocidolite
Na2fe2+3fe3+2(si6o22)(oh)2, Tremolite Ca2mg5(si6o22)(oh)2,the
Six Varieties Are Deemed To Be Asbestos Only When They Have A
Fibrous Form., Note: Asbestos Is No Longer Used Because Of The
Associated Health Risks.
Asharfi
Buti
A
Popular Textile Design Consisting Of Small Floral Discs Or
Circles, Sometimes With Small Patterns Within The Circle.
Astrakhan
A
Thick Woven Or Knitted Cloth Often Of Wool With A Surface Of
Loops Or Curls, Imitating The Coat Of An Astrakhan Lamb. Also
Called Poodle Cloth. Used For Coats And Trimming.
Atactic
Polymer
A
Linear Polymer Containing Asymmetrically-substituted Carbon
Atoms In The Repeating Unit Of The Main Chain, A Planar
Projection Of Whose Structure Has The Same Substituents Situated
Randomly To Any One Side Or The Other Of The Main Chain,
Atansaw
A
Wide, Commodious Chogha (q.v.)like Garment For Wrapping Around
The Body.
Atlas
A
Warp Knit Fabric In Which A Set Of Yarns Shifts Diagonally One
Wale Per Course For Several Courses , Then Returns To The
Original Position.
Atmosphere
For Testing
(a)
Standard Temperate Atmosphere : An Atmosphere At The Prevailing
Barometric Pressure With A Relative Humidity Of 65% And A
Temperature Of 20ºc, (b) Standard Tropical Atmosphere : An
Atmosphere At The Prevailing Barometric Pressure With A Relative
Humidity Of 65% And A Temperature Of 27ºc
Awning
Stripe
1.
A Design Of Wide Even Stripes 2. A Heavy Canvas Fabric With This
Design. May Be Yarn Dyed Or Printed.
Azlon
(fibre) (USA)
A
Term Used To Describe Manufactured Fibres In Which The Fibre-forming
Substance Is Composed Of Any Regenerated Naturally Occurring
Protein. The Iso Generic Name Is Protein.
